Abstract

›Anthropotechnics‹ as a term is used regularly since 2000 for the definition of ›human-breeding‹ and ›Human- Enhancment‹. The Philosopher Peter Sloterdijk brought this term in the scientific discourse (1999), but the term dates back to the 19th century. The following Paper focuses on the French, German and Russian ideas and terms of Anthropotechnics, in which different kinds of human-optimization are used. The project discusses the history of technical, biological and philosophical visions of human optimizing on the basis of the term ›Anthropotechnics‹. The analysis focuses on the discourses of biology, philosophy, literatureand technics as well as their medial, apparative and literal practices in the period from about 1860 to 1950.