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Thoughts, Logic, and Metalogic

An Investigation into Frege’s Philosophy

Shi, Weijun

Beiträge zur Philosophie, Neue Folge

2022

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Abstract

It is in heavy dispute in the literature whether Frege’s conception of logic is universalism and excludes the possibility of metalogical investigations. In the book, the author argues that there is indeed tension between universalism and non-universalism in it, which finds expression in Grundgesetze. It dismisses the notion of reinterpretation playing a crucial role in the post-Tarskian metalogical investigations as illegitimate; for a Language in which a theory, whose Subject matter is thoughts rather than formulae per se, is formulated must not be reinterpreted in that fully interpreted formulae express different thoughts once reinterpreted. However, it does not preclude such metalogical investigations that do not make use of the notion: they are not only legitimate, understandable to it but also indispensable to Frege’s logicist project.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

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Umschlag Cover
Titel 3
Imprint 4
Abstract 5
Acknowledgements 7
Contents 9
Introduction 11
1 Thoughts and Thought Identity 19
1.1 Thoughts 19
1.1.1 The top-down approach to thoughts 21
1.1.2 The bottom-up approach to thoughts 24
1.2 Criteria for Thought Identity 26
1.2.1 The bottom-up approach to thought identity 31
1.2.2 The top-down approach to thought identity 44
1.2.3 Objections to senses as objects 52
Summary 61
2 Thoughts and truth 63
2.1 Arguments against Truth as a Property 63
2.1.1 The regress arguments and responses 63
2.1.2 Responses to the regress arguments 66
2.1.3 The inconsistency of the notion of truth 67
2.2 Eliminability and Definability 72
2.2.1 Does eliminability exclude truth as a property? 72
2.2.2 Definability of truth 75
Summary 81
3 Frege on Logical Truth 83
3.1 Universalism, Schematism and Modernism 83
3.1.1 Universalism 83
3.1.2 Modernism 87
3.1.3 Schematism 90
3.2 The Universalist Conception of Logical Truth 94
3.2.1 Logical truths as the utmost generality 95
3.2.2 Problems with the notion of U-logical truth 98
3.2.3 Objections to the notion of U-logical truth 107
3.3 Frege’s Conception of Independence 115
3.3.1 Frege’s notion of independence 116
3.3.2 Problems with Frege’s substitutional method 121
Summary 122
4 The Tension between Universalism and Nonuniversalism in ‚Grundgesetze‘ 125
4.1 Universalism and Nonuniversalism in Grundgesetze? 125
4.1.1 Total functions 127
4.1.2 Four readings of §§29-31 135
4.2 Restricted Domains of Quantification and Linguistic Completeness 159
Summary 172
5 Universalism and Metalogic 173
5.1 Arguments for and against the Non-metalogic Thesis 173
5.1.1 Two kinds of metalogics 173
5.1.2 Truth-predicate and metalogic 178
5.1.3 Logic ‚as the‘ langauge and metalogic 187
5.1.4 Logic per se, logicism, and metalogic 197
5.1.5 Circularity and metalogic 208
5.2 The Permutation Argument in §10 214
5.2.1 Model-theoretical readings of the permutation argument 218
5.2.2 Ricketts’ reading of the permutation argument 232
5.3 The Consistency Proof in §31 240
5.3.1 From the perspectives of the universalist and auxiliary readings 241
5.3.2 From the perspective of the nonauxiliary reading 242
5.3.3 From the perspective of the completely nonauxiliary reading 243
Summary 249
Conclusion 251