Zusätzliche Informationen
Bibliografische Daten
Abstract
This study analyses the integration of vowel-final non-native nouns in Faroese based on written Language material ranging from computer-mediated communication to traditional printed media. In order to gain a holistic insight into the underlying processes, both intralinguistic – orthography, phonology, morphology – as well as extralinguistic – Language norms, metalinguistic discourse – factors are examined. Besides being the smallest and least researched modern-day Scandinavian Language, Faroese also has one of Scandinavia’s youngest, most historicising orthographies, as well as a strong tradition of lexical purism. Its ideological climate is directly impacted by two polar opposites – progressive Danish on the one hand, and conservative Icelandic on the other. The observed integration strategies are described as the result of both native and non-native analogical forces that lead to ongoing contact-induced Language change, including the refunctionalisation of the silent grapheme <ð>.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
| Zwischenüberschrift | Seite | Aktion | Preis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cover | Umschlag | ||
| Titel | 3 | ||
| Imprint | 4 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 7 | ||
| Table of Contents | 9 | ||
| List of Figures | 13 | ||
| Abbreviations | 14 | ||
| Introduction | 15 | ||
| 1 The Faroese language | 17 | ||
| 1.1 Contact between Faroese and Danish | 18 | ||
| 1.2 From ancient Faroese spells to modern Faroese spelling | 20 | ||
| 1.3 Contact between Faroese and English | 22 | ||
| 1.4 Faroese: The present status quo | 23 | ||
| 1.5 Research on Faroese and language contact: State of the art | 24 | ||
| 2 The present study | 29 | ||
| 2.1 Purpose | 29 | ||
| 2.2 Data collection | 30 | ||
| 2.2 Theoretical framework | 32 | ||
| 2.2.1 Analogy | 32 | ||
| 2.2.2 Natural Morphology (NM) | 36 | ||
| 2.2.2.1 Markedness principles | 37 | ||
| 2.2.2.2 Principle hierarchies? | 39 | ||
| 2.2.2.3 System-dependent naturalness and the language user | 41 | ||
| 3 Intralinguistic analysis | 43 | ||
| 3.1 Non-native nouns on -a and -o | 44 | ||
| 3.1.1 Feminine nouns on -a and -o | 44 | ||
| 3.1.1.1 Feminine nouns on -a – native analogy | 44 | ||
| 3.1.1.2 Feminine nouns on -a – non-native analogy | 55 | ||
| 3.1.1.3 Feminine nouns on -o – native analogy I | 59 | ||
| 3.1.1.4 Feminine nouns on -o – native analogy II | 61 | ||
| 3.1.1.5 Feminine nouns on -o – non-native analogy | 65 | ||
| 3.1.1.6 Feminine nouns on -a and -o – morpheme boundaries and hiatus | 68 | ||
| 3.1.1.7 Hiatus and <ð> | 72 | ||
| 3.1.1.8 <ð>-declension of non-native nouns on -a and -o – native analogy | 74 | ||
| 3.1.1.9 <ð>-declension of non-native nouns on -a and -o – template comparison | 77 | ||
| 3.1.2 Neuter nouns on -a and -o | 81 | ||
| 3.1.2.1 Neuter nouns on -a – native analogy I | 81 | ||
| 3.1.2.2 Neuter nouns on -a – non-native analogy | 83 | ||
| 3.1.2.3 Neuter nouns on -o – non-native analogy | 85 | ||
| 3.1.2.4 Neuter nouns on -a and -o – native analogy II | 88 | ||
| 3.1.2.5 Neuter nouns on -a and -o – spoken vs. written forms | 94 | ||
| 3.1.2.6 Neuter nouns on -a and -o – <ð>-declension | 100 | ||
| 3.1.2.7 Non-native nouns on -a and -o – an Insular Scandinavian perspective | 105 | ||
| 3.1.2.8 Non-native nouns on -o > -ó – native analogy | 108 | ||
| 3.1.3 Non-native nouns on -a – masculine ‚faktura‘ | 111 | ||
| 3.1.3.1 Non-native nouns on -a – masculine ‚faktura‘ – native analogy | 111 | ||
| 3.1.3.2 Non-native nouns on -a – masculine faktura – non-native analogy | 115 | ||
| 3.2 Non-native nouns on unstressed -i(e), -y, and on stressed -(er)i | 118 | ||
| 3.2.1 Nouns on final unstressed -i(e) and -y | 118 | ||
| 3.2.1.1 Nouns on final unstressed -i(e) and -y – persons are masculine | 119 | ||
| 3.2.1.2 Nouns on final unstressed -i(e) and -y – the agent-noun suffix -‚ari‘ | 123 | ||
| 3.2.1.3 Nouns on final unstressed -i(e) and -y – the Icelandicism ‚hippi‘ | 125 | ||
| 3.2.1.4 Proper nouns: Novel and non-native female names on -i | 126 | ||
| 3.2.1.5 Nouns on final unstressed -i(e) and -y – inanimate referents | 128 | ||
| 3.2.1.5.1 Nouns on final unstressed -i(e) and -y – feminine | 128 | ||
| 3.2.1.5.2 Nouns on final unstressed -i(e) and -y – neuter | 130 | ||
| 3.2.1.5.3 Nouns on final unstressed -ie – ‚selfie‘ | 132 | ||
| 3.2.2 Nouns on final stressed -(er)i | 134 | ||
| 3.2.2.1 Nouns on final stressed -i – masculine | 135 | ||
| 3.2.2.2 Nouns on final stressed -i – feminine | 139 | ||
| 3.2.2.3 Nouns on final stressed -i – neuter | 147 | ||
| 3.2.2.3.1 Neuter nouns on final stressed -‚eri‘ | 152 | ||
| 3.2.2.4 Nouns on final stressed -i – diphthongisation | 161 | ||
| 3.3 Non-native nouns on -u, -w | 162 | ||
| 3.3.1 Final unstressed -u – haiku | 163 | ||
| 3.3.2 Non-native nouns on final stressed -u | 169 | ||
| 3.3.2.1 Final stressed -u – tabu | 170 | ||
| 3.3.2.2 Non-native nouns on final stressed -u – Anglicisms on -w | 173 | ||
| 3.3.2.3 Non-native nouns on final stressed -u – Gallicisms on -u | 178 | ||
| 3.4 Non-native nouns on -e(t)/é, -e | 182 | ||
| 3.4.1 Non-native nouns on stressed -e(t)/é | 182 | ||
| 3.4.2 Non-native nouns on unstressed -e | 194 | ||
| 3.4.2.1 Non-native nouns on unstressed -e – a vacillating ‚paradigm‘ | 199 | ||
| 3.4.3 Non-native nouns on silent final -e | 203 | ||
| 3.5 Non-native nouns on -ø | 210 | ||
| 3.5.1 Non-native nouns on -ø – feminine ‚kø‘ | 210 | ||
| 3.5.2 Non-native nouns on -ø – neuter ‚miljø‘ | 215 | ||
| 3.6 Intralinguistic analysis: Summary and discussion | 217 | ||
| 3.6.1 Reanalysis vs. transparency: Stem inflection vs. word-based inflection | 218 | ||
| 3.6.2 Native vs. non-native analogy | 220 | ||
| 3.6.2.1 Non-native nouns on unstressed vowels | 220 | ||
| 3.6.2.2 Non-native nouns on stressed vowels | 225 | ||
| 3.6.3 Morpheme demarcation, orthographic hiatus and <ð>-declension | 229 | ||
| 3.6.3.1 Non-native nouns on unstressed final vowels and <ð>-declension | 230 | ||
| 3.6.3.2 Non-native nouns on stressed final vowels and <ð>-declension | 233 | ||
| 3.6.3.3 Functional distribution of graphonotactic modifiers | 236 | ||
| 4 More on <ð> | 239 | ||
| 4.1 <ð> – the intralinguistic perspective | 239 | ||
| 4.1.1 <ð> vs. |
239 | ||
| 4.1.2 Næs’ findings – ‚Skúlagongd í Føroyðum‘ | 242 | ||
| 4.1.3 Svabo’s orthophone spelling and Jakobsen’s orthography | 244 | ||
| 4.1.3.1 Svabo’s orthophone spelling and the hiatus | 244 | ||
| 4.1.3.2 Jakobsen’s orthography and the hiatus | 249 | ||
| 4.2 <ð> – the extralinguistic perspective: From Vencil to Irdi(ð) | 260 | ||
| 5 Language ideology in the Faroe Islands | 269 | ||
| 5.1 Faroese purism: The proponents | 269 | ||
| 5.1.1 From Svabo to Jakobsen | 271 | ||
| 5.1.2 From Jakobsen to Poulsen | 276 | ||
| 5.1.3 From ‚Málstovan‘ to ‚Málráðið‘ | 286 | ||
| 5.2 Faroese purism: The opponents | 290 | ||
| 5.2.1 From Long to Niclasen | 290 | ||
| 5.2.2 ‚Málfelagið‘ | 293 | ||
| 5.2.3 Petersen | 296 | ||
| 5.3 The Faroese language community between purism and pragmatism | 300 | ||
| 6 Metalinguistic discourse | 307 | ||
| 6.1 Glosses | 309 | ||
| 6.1.1 Normative glosses | 309 | ||
| 6.1.2 Explicative glosses | 312 | ||
| 6.2 Quotation marks: Citation forms and scare quotes | 319 | ||
| 6.3 Metalinguistic (self-)reflections | 324 | ||
| 6.3.1 Hvat eitur ein selfie á ‚føroyskum‘? | 324 | ||
| 6.3.2 Eitur tað eitt haiku ella ein heika ella ein heiku? | 329 | ||
| 6.3.3 Drona vs. brummari | 330 | ||
| 6.3.4 Vowel mutation in ‚tema‘? | 332 | ||
| 6.4 Metalinguistic debates and (self-)correction | 333 | ||
| 6.4.1 Pitsaðin vs. pitsan | 333 | ||
| 6.4.2 Hymna or lovsangur? | 335 | ||
| 6.4.3 Einkið eitur “menniskjans” | 336 | ||
| 6.4.4 Søgan um sagaina | 343 | ||
| 6.4.5 Karaóki | 348 | ||
| 6.4.6 Sangdubbing..... giiiisus kreist | 351 | ||
| 6.4.7 The public Facebook group ‚Føroysk rættstaving‘ | 352 | ||
| 6.5 Metalinguistic discourse: Summary | 364 | ||
| 7 Summary and concluding remarks: On the integration ofnon-native nouns in Faroese | 367 | ||
| 8 References | 381 | ||
| 8.1 Dictionaries | 391 | ||
| 8.2 Online sources | 392 | ||
| 8.3 Newspaper articles | 393 | ||
| Backcover | Backcover |
Powered by CloudPublish