BUCH
Tracking the Ancestors
On their Journeys along the Sepik River in Papua New Guinea
Herausgeber: Schindlbeck, Markus | Falck, Christiane | Ammann, Raymond | Markowitsch, Hans J. | Staniloiu, Angelica | Vandekerckhove, Marie M.P.
Heidelberg Studies in Pacific Anthropology, Bd. 7
2022
Zusätzliche Informationen
Bibliografische Daten
Abstract
This rich ethnography, a thoroughly revised version of a book published in 1991, presents long-term and new research findings on the Nyaura (or West Iatmul) people, a society on the Sepik River in Papua New Guinea. Nyaura mythology centres around the primeval journeys of their ancestors who – accompanied by powerful, versatile crocodiles – formed the landscape and founded settlements; it is expressed and stored in numerous long song cycles and visualised in unique knotted cords. These songs express the Nyaura’s worldview, their thoughts on the social order, and the concept of the person. In this comprehensive monograph, the author also explores a range of current and fundamental questions from the cognitive sciences regarding the memorisation of these hundreds of songs, thus linking anthropological data with cognitive science findings. Neuropsychologists share their reflections on learning, memorising and remembering. Studies on the historiography of the Middle Sepik, on the altered concept of personhood as result of religious change, and on the dualistic structure of ceremonial music round off the monograph.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
| Zwischenüberschrift | Seite | Aktion | Preis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cover | Cover | ||
| Titel | III | ||
| Imprint | IV | ||
| Contents | V | ||
| List of Illustrations | IX | ||
| Map 1: The Area of the Iatmul and Nyaura (in the West) | 15 | ||
| Map 2: Sepik River (Kaiserin-Augusta-Fluss) and its river basin (from W. Behrmann 1912-1913) | 27 | ||
| Map 3: The Journey of the Samblak (Ngama) | 75 | ||
| Map 4: All the ancestral journeys of the Nyaura | 92 | ||
| Map 5: Old sites of Gaikorobi | 117 | ||
| Map 6: Extract of the language map by D.C. Laycock | 122 | ||
| Map 7: The Journey of the Yagun (Pulau) | 131 | ||
| Map 8: The Journey of the Wango (Nyaura) | 241 | ||
| Map 9: The Journey of the Posugo (Nangusime) | 279 | ||
| Map 10: The Journey of the Nolim (Yak) | 363 | ||
| Map 11: The Journey of the Samangwak (Smat) | 425 | ||
| 1: Drawing by Arnold Yangis: The Sepik River with its upper course | 43 | ||
| 2: The three phases of the journeys | 45 | ||
| 3: The village of Kandingei | 48 | ||
| 4: Drawing by Arnold Yangis: The village with its houses | 49 | ||
| 5: Wombun men’s house, drawing by Behrmann 1902/03 | 53 | ||
| 6: Dancing ground and the three men’s houses | 53 | ||
| 7: Primal beings and social organisation | 62 | ||
| 8: Drawing by Arnold Yangis: The village of Kandingei | 65 | ||
| 9: The mythological paths of the kangaroo of the Aranda people (Strehlow 1995: 56) | 90 | ||
| 10: The Palingawi knotted cord of the Yagun Association | 133 | ||
| 11: Primal beings and social organisation | 249 | ||
| 12: Totems representing the ‚sambla‘ relationship | 250 | ||
| 13: Order of the clans in the way the Nyaura number them | 250 | ||
| 14: Geographical fixation of the social organization | 255 | ||
| 15: Division of areas and villages among clan groups | 257 | ||
| 16: Tree totems of clan founders | 258 | ||
| 17: Bird totems of the first ancestress | 259 | ||
| 18: Marriages of clan founders and first ancestresses | 261 | ||
| 19: The village of Kandingei | 271 | ||
| 20: The village and its clan structure | 271 | ||
| 21: Main protagonists, which devour the novices | 334 | ||
| 22: Genealogy of Yambune clan: ownership of names | 390 | ||
| 23: Genealogy of Ngama clan: ownership of names | 392 | ||
| 24: Genealogy of Tipme Yagun clan: ownership of names | 395 | ||
| 25: Fundamentals of the male and female flute | 465 | ||
| 26: Male and female flutes and their harmonics | 466 | ||
| 27: Interlocking of male and female flute | 466 | ||
| 28: Structural element I | 468 | ||
| 29: Structural element II | 468 | ||
| 30: Some interlocking constellations of structural element II | 469 | ||
| 31: Structure of the sections of the ‚Mariuamange‘ music | 470 | ||
| 32: Relationship between anterograde and retrograde amnesia | 474 | ||
| 33: Schematic illustration of the relations between memory strength and memory duration | 475 | ||
| 34: The five most important human memory systems | 478 | ||
| 35: Recall varieties | 483 | ||
| 36: Facts that influence learning and storing | 484 | ||
| 37: Primal cast of clans | 525 | ||
| Illustrations | 21 | ||
| 1: Tanduma Minja, Saun and Win Sigawi reciting ‚sui/sagi‘ in the men’s house Aulimbit | 21 | ||
| 2: David Kisondemi during a | 22 | ||
| 3: The ‘old crocodile’ Wanja (Nyaura clan) | 23 | ||
| 4: The ‘old crocodile’ Wenumbuk (Ngama clan) in the village of Korogo, with his knotted cord | 23 | ||
| 5: Wanja, David Kisondemi and Jürg Wassmann in the anthropologist’s house | 24 | ||
| 6: Residential dwelling, canoe with outboard motor; the daily life of Jürg Wassmann during the time of the deluge 1972-73 | 25 | ||
| 7: The course of the Middle Sepik River (© G. Schuster) | 38 | ||
| 8: Lake Chambri with the hills near the villages of Chambri and Timbunmeli, 1984 (© V. Keck) | 39 | ||
| 9: Two canoes on the Sepik River transporting goods | 40 | ||
| 10: Residential houses in Jaurangai [Nyaurangei] 1913 (Roesicke no. 111 in Schindlbeck 2015a: 272) | 47 | ||
| 11: Women and girls in Jaurangai [Nyaurangei] 1913, (Roesicke no. 108 in Schindlbeck 2015a: 267) | 47 | ||
| 12: Dwelling houses in Kandingei, 1984 (© V. Keck) | 50 | ||
| 13: Interior of a dwelling house, 1984 (© V. Keck) | 50 | ||
| 14: Preparing sago pancakes in a clay oven, 1984 (© V. Keck) | 51 | ||
| 15: Dancing ground with the Wombun men’s house, 1972 | 53 | ||
| 16: Men’s house Wombun, 1972 | 55 | ||
| 17: David Kisondemi and Kagame play long flutes | 56 | ||
| 18: The Warapmeli knotted cord of the Ngama association (© Museum der Kulturen Basel) | 76 | ||
| 19: Stone setting in front of the men’s house Wolimbi in Kanganamun (© Gardi 1955/56) | 120 | ||
| 20: The Palingawi knotted cord of the Yagun (© Museum der Kulturen Basel) | 132 | ||
| 21: The performance of the Yagun ‚sui/sagi', Kandingei 1973 | 134 | ||
| 22: The Mbumbiande knotted cord of the Wango (Nyaura) (© Museum der Kulturen Basel) | 242 | ||
| 23: The interior of the Wombun men’s house with two slit drums | 273 | ||
| 24: The Yesinduma knotted cord, journey of the Posugo (© Museum der Kulturen Basel) | 281 | ||
| 25: Woman with decorative scars from an initiation (Roesicke 1914 in Schindlbeck 2015a: 277) | 294 | ||
| 26: The ‚wani‘ tree, at its root is the skull of a crocodile | 297 | ||
| 27: The line of dancers representing the crocodile | 299 | ||
| 28: Waiting for the novices | 303 | ||
| 29: A test of courage | 304 | ||
| 30: Scarification of the chest | 305 | ||
| 31: Scarifying the back | 306 | ||
| 32: A ‘dead’ novice practicing with the bullroarer | 313 | ||
| 33: Newly initiated men covered with white clay (Roesicke 1914, in Schindlbeck 2015a: 278) | 314 | ||
| 34: The novices are given instructions | 315 | ||
| 35: A novice is taught to play the pan pipes | 315 | ||
| 36: The novices are beaten | 316 | ||
| 37: The first contact with the Sepik River | 320 | ||
| 38: A ‘man’ | 321 | ||
| 39: The novice receives an additional name from his mother | 323 | ||
| 40: The Kwayavimeli knotted cord of the Nolim (Yak) (© Museum der Kulturen Basel) | 366 | ||
| 41: A ‚pabu‘, a ceremonial debate in the men’s house of Palimbei (© Stanek 1987: 633) | 399 | ||
| 42: A ‚pabu‘, a ceremonial debate in the men’s house of Palimbei (© Stanek 1987: 633) | 400 | ||
| 43: The Wanimeli knotted cord of the Samangwak (© Museum der Kulturen Basel) | 429 | ||
| Foreword (by Don Niles) | XIII | ||
| PROLOGUE: THE SOLO SONG TO THE FLYING FOX | 1 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 5 | ||
| What’s the Point? | 5 | ||
| Doing Fieldwork: Collecting and Translating Songs | 15 | ||
| Sepik Research | 25 | ||
| Copyright and the Voyager Spacecraft | 31 | ||
| 1 AN AMPHIBIOUS WORLD | 37 | ||
| Floating Grass Islands | 37 | ||
| The Village of Kandingei in 1972-1973 | 46 | ||
| Primal Times in a Still Unstable World | 58 | ||
| 2 PRIMAL JOURNEYS | 69 | ||
| ‚The Journey of the Primal Ancestor Mbelikubumeli‘ | 69 | ||
| Zooming Out: Songs and Tales, Landscapes and Places | 83 | ||
| Journeys along the Knotted Cords | 95 | ||
| ‚Recollections and Constructions of History of the Middle Sepik in Papua New Guinea‘ (by Markus Schindlbeck) | 108 | ||
| 3 THE SONG TO THE FLYING FOX | 129 | ||
| ‚The Journey of the Primal Ancestor Wolindambwi‘ | 129 | ||
| The Song to the Flying Fox – A Nightly Performance | 140 | ||
| 4 THE BIRTH OF THE HUMAN SOCIAL ORDER | 239 | ||
| ‚The Journey of the Primal Ancestor Kwokundemi‘ | 239 | ||
| The Primal Cast | 247 | ||
| The Sea Eagle Myth and the Killing of the Mother | 262 | ||
| The Social Structure: Moieties, Clans and Age Groups | 270 | ||
| 5 BECOMING A PERSON | 277 | ||
| ‚The Journey of the Primal Ancestor Njaranguremeli‘ | 277 | ||
| Initiation and its Three Steps | 287 | ||
| The Death and the Embryonic Growth | 298 | ||
| The Rebirth as a Male and Composite Person | 320 | ||
| ‚On the Nyaura Concept of the Person and Healing in a Context of Religious Change‘ (by Christiane Falck) | 337 | ||
| 6 FROM NAMES TO PERSONAL IDENTITY | 361 | ||
| ‚The Journey of the Primal Ancestor Moingawimeli‘ | 361 | ||
| Names or the Annulment of Time | 367 | ||
| Ownership and Transmission | 377 | ||
| The Names from the Solo Song to the Flying Fox | 382 | ||
| A Long Debate: To Whom does ‘Malembe’ and ‘Ariondumeimbi’ Belong? | 396 | ||
| 7 HOW TO REMEMBER | 423 | ||
| ‚The Journey of the Primal Ancestor Mendigumbange' | 423 | ||
| Landscape as Primeval Space | 431 | ||
| Neural Networks and the Connectionism | 434 | ||
| The Emplacement or the Most Basic Medium of Mnemonic | 443 | ||
| Dichotomising as Another Mnemonic | 447 | ||
| Two Sections and Six Rules | 452 | ||
| ‚Mariuamange – A Study in Music Cognition on Ceremonial Flute Music at the Middle Sepik (by Raymond Ammann) | 457 | ||
| ‚Learning, Memorizing, Remembering‘ (by Hans J. Markowitsch, Angelica Staniloiu and Marie M.P. Vandekerckhove) | 472 | ||
| A Cultural Model in a Cognitive Approach | 490 | ||
| AFTERWORD | 499 | ||
| ‚The Journeys of the Primal Ancestors Ngaanmbange, Weimaligumbange, Wolindambwi and Moingawimeli' | 499 | ||
| EPILOGUE: THE SOLO SONG TO THE FLYING FOX | 505 | ||
| Appendices | 517 | ||
| Appendix 1. Different Forms of ‚sagi‘ Performances | 517 | ||
| Appendix 2. Villages and Places Visited | 521 | ||
| Appendix 3. The Primal Cast of Clan Groups | 525 | ||
| Appendix 4. Names and Texts during the Initiation | 528 | ||
| Appendix 5. Clan Groups and their Attributes | 536 | ||
| Appendix 6. Totems of Clans | 539 | ||
| Appendix 7. Knotted Cords, Recitative Songs and Flutes | 543 | ||
| Appendix 8. Animals and Plants used as Totems | 547 | ||
| Appendix 9. Attributions to the Places and to the Clans | 552 | ||
| Appendix 10. Examples for the Rules 4, 5, 6 | 552 | ||
| References | 561 | ||
| Index | 597 | ||
| Backcover | Backcover |
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