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- Phänomenologische Forschungen 2008
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Anschauung als Fundament, Gegenstand und Rechtsquelle der Phänomenologie
In this essay consciousness or rather ‚intuition‘ („Anschauung“ as vivid presence) is subject in three different respects: First of all it is to be shown that consciousness is an undoubted phenomenon. Therefore it is (in the words of Descartes) a fundamentum inconcussum. Second, the essence of consciousness and its intentionality is to be cleared up. And last but not least the function of consciousness as the fundamental source of knowledge and foundation of justification is to be exposed. For that purpose we will interpret the „principle of all principles“ (Ideen I, § 24). -
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Zum Phänomen der Deckerinnerung: Eine Auseinandersetzung zwischen Freud und Husserl
The concept Deckerinnerung (en. screen-memory), which appeared in Freud’s work in 1899, points towards the important epistemological question about the possibility of adequation or coincidence (Deckung) between past experience and the current act that is being presentified. This can take the form of remembering as such or be conceived as fantasy. In order to clarify the differences between fantasy and memory, or rather their interconnection in the Deckerinnerung, they need to be looked at phenomenologically, and in doing so various aspects should be analysed, such as: the character of positional and neutralised acts of presentification; the interference of conscious attention and the phenomenon of inhibition in the act of presentification; the state of memories in the unconscious and the possibilities of their association between themselves or modification by other current acts. While Freud introduces the subject without further analysing it, Husserl’s theories offer a valuable contribution here. In this context, there is first a need to outline the way in which Husserl’s investigations into memory come close to Freud’s discourse, in the sense that they lead to a “Phenomenology of the Unconscious” (Hua XI; Mat. VIII). -
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Genèse et transcendantalisation du concept d’,horizon‘ chez Husserl
The concept of ,horizon‘ is fundamental for a theory of subjectivity and even more for a theory of transcendental subjectivity. This concept was introduced by Leibniz and discussed by Wolff, Baumgarten, Meier, to the aim of exploring more deeply its function in relation to the subject. Kant adopted this concept as a key-concept for his theory of experience and for his definition of logical forms as such. After Kant, the concept of ,horizon‘ reappeared in Husserl as a necessay correlate of the intentionality from a transcendental point of view. In 1913, when Husserl was working to rewrite the third chapter of the sixth Logical Investigation, he was forced to reintegrate the structures related to intuitive fulfillment with the coupled core/halo concepts, developed in 1908. On the basis of this integration, the concept of horizon emerged as a fundamental structure of perception. The structure of a single perception thus became integrated into a whole system of perception. This function of ,horizon‘ of correlating each intentional act is explicited in his late works, as the Cartesian Meditations and Experience and Judgement: each appearance consists of a whole system of appearances that are empty of content but are also potential manifestations of the same type. -
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Die phänomenologische Reduktion und ihre zeitlichen Bedingungen
Within the phenomenological perspective the reductive method, as proceeding through the path (μετα-οδός), allows the subject to refer to its own living structure. It is crucial to bring out the aware character of this relationship, because such consciousness is achieved by an unaware subjectivity. Since the subject arises ab initio in a hyletic-temporal field, it has to carry out its methodological procedure according to definite modes, that is the time-consciousness’ modes. The method of reduction, which aims to uncover what is not thematic, constitutes the radical action, which permits the subject to represent the way of being of its inner structure. In this sense, the reduction is the highest act of representation (Vergegenwärtigung), because its procedure takes place by a thematizing return of the subject to itself. To carry out the reductive method, i.e. to perform a self-unveiling, the subject has to follow the patterns of a pre-existent life, which are already temporal and to which it always is related. Though the reduction is a free choice of a subject, it has to conform to a prescribed procedure. -
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Grundprobleme endlichen Selbstseins: Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre, Henrich
Three fundamental problems are connected with modern philosophy of subjectivity: first, the irreflexivity and immediacy of self-consciousness, second, the temporality and, third, the being of the finite self. The text will discuss the first problem in an introductory way by a reconstruction of the positions of Henrich and Frank. The second and third problem will be presented by an investigation of the phenomenological approaches of Husserl, Heidegger, and Sartre. It will be argued that none of these approaches are able to solve the problems mentioned above in a satisfying way. Therefore, Henrich’s critical thesis will be discussed that an appropriate philosophical discussion of subjectivity cannot consist in phenomenological inquiry, but has to re-integrate the monist theories of the Classical German Philosophy. This thesis finally will be rejected in favour of a non-monist metaphysics of personal selfhood. -
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Rationalität und Subversion in der Zentralperspektive
This article engages in a mutual elucidation of works of art constructed in central perspective (both painting and film) and Cartesian philosophy in order to point out a methodological problem in the latter. This problem and its repercussions are found also in the conflict between transcendental and hermeneutic method in phenomenology. This conflict is reflected in the movement of the article itself which alternates between descriptive and interpretative approaches. -
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Der junge Scheler und der Neukantianismus
This paper discusses Max Scheler’s early works, written between 1899 and 1906 in a neo-Kantian context. The very little attention the literature paid to them was almost always guided by the only aim to single the themes out which can be used as signs of Scheler’s future „conversion“ to phenomenology. In consequence of this predominant approach, the neo- Kantianism that characterizes Scheler’s early works has been treated as a vague notion and never examined as such. The paper specifies this notion through an examination of Scheler’s early works which shows their most significant theoretical debts (to R. Eucken, W. Windelband and particularly to H. Cohen) and the questions they deal with, i.e. the relation between knowledge and morality as different kinds of objective forms of experience; the methodological problem in philosophy; the development of a transcendental logic as general science of objectivity. -
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Heidegger und Platon: Die Dialektik der wahren Aussage in Sophistes
In his reading of the Sophist, Heidegger unfolds Plato’s late thought concerning the dialectics of the correctness of statements. This dialectics is described as gathering into one genus and dividing of the same genus, as dialectics of the community of ideas, and as the being-able-to-bewith- one-another of mind and idea. Hence, Plato’s solution of the question of truth is dialectical. He looks at the ideas through statements and conforms his mind to the ideas through the same statements. Thus the question arises: If one and the same statement represents both the manifestness of an idea and the conforming of the mind to this idea, how are we able to judge, whether our statement conforms to the idea? Plato answers: If the idea of sameness is present in a judgment, then a thing is said as it is, i.e. it is judged to be the same with itself. This solution is both richer and poorer than the description of truth in the parable of the sun in the Republic: It is poorer, because it leads further away from unconcealedness or the truth of things; it is richer, because it unfolds truth as a relation to the whole truth in the community of ideas, not as a relation to this or that singular idea. -
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Metaphysischer – Physikalischer – Ästhetischer „Raum“
Dimensionen einer Äquivokation
Edmund Husserl characterizes the problem of equivocation as crucial whenever it comes to the point of differentiating between the genuine philosophical and the genuine scientific view on the world. According to Husserl, equivocation in the first respect is an inevitable result of the fact that the phenomenologist has to use the common language, which is bound to the natural attitude. The natural attitude belongs to science as such, but has to be avoided in philosophical ways of description. In the following article, the equivocation concerning the notion of „space“ stands for the problem in general. The phenomenological concept of „space“ refers to the aesthetic dimension of the notion, which is the basis of both, the philosophical, i.e. metaphysical dimension, and the physical, i.e. scientific dimension. Immanuel Kant, Arthur Schopenhauer and Edmund Husserl discuss the notion of „space“ from different perspectives, each of which can be understood as contributing to the foundation of a sound inter-disciplinary dialogue between philosophy and the sciences. -
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Husserl at Marquette. A Report on the 38th International Husserl Circle Conference
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Buchbesprechungen
Edmund Husserl: Transzendentaler Idealismus. Texte aus dem Nachlass (1908-1921); Thomas Friedrich, Jörg H. Gleiter (Hg.): Einfühlung und phänomenologische Reduktion. Grundlagentexte zu Architektur, Design und Kunst; Thomas Fuchs: Das Gehirn – ein Beziehungsorgan. Eine phänomenologisch-ökologische Konzeption; Shigeru Taguchi: Das Problem des ‚Ur-Ich‘ bei Edmund Husserl. Die Frage nach der selbstverständlichen ‚Nähe‘ des Selbst
Beschreibung
Beiträge
Thorsten Streubel
Anschauung als Fundament, Gegenstand und Rechtsquelle der Phänomenologie
Alice Mara Serra
Zum Phänomen der Deckerinnerung: Eine Auseinandersetzung zwischen Freud und Husserl
Fausto Fraisopi
Genèse et transcendantalisation du concept d' 'horizon' chez Husserl
Nicola Zippel
Die phänomenologische Reduktion und ihre Bedingungen
Marko J. Fuchs
Grundprobleme endlichen Selbstseins: Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre, Henrich
Robert Hugo Ziegler
Rationalität und Subversion in der Zentralperspektive
Giuliana Mancuso
Der junge Scheler und der Neukantianismus
Rupert Mayer
Heidegger und Platon: Die Dialektik der wahren Aussage im Sophistes
Julia Jonas
Metaphysischer - Physikalischer - Ästhetischer "Raum". Dimensionen einer Äquivokation
Bericht
Husserl at Marquette. A Report on the 38th International Husserl Circle Conference (Shazad Akhtar, Arun Iyer)
Buchbesprechungen
Edmund Husserl: Transzendentaler Idealismus. Texte aus dem Nachlass (1908-1921). Husserliana XXXVI. Dordrecht: Springer 2003. (Ralf Becker)
Thomas Friedrich, Jörg H. Gleiter (Hg.): Einfühlung und phänomenologische Reduktion. Grundlagentexte zu Architektur, Design und Kunst. Münster: Lit 2007. (Franz-Peter Burkard)
Thomas Fuchs: Das Gehirn - ein Beziehungsorgan. Eine phänomenologisch-ökologische Konzeption. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 2007. (Johannes Schick)
Shigeru Taguchi: Das Problem des 'Ur-Ich' bei Edmund Husserl. Die Frage nach der selbstverständlichen 'Nähe' des Selbst. Dordrecht: Springer 2006. (Rainer Schäfer)
Tagungsankündigung
Internationale Tagung der "Deutschen Gesellschaft für Phänomenologische Forschung" in Würzburg, 30.09. bis 03.10.2009. Call for Papers
Neuere Literatur zur Phänomenologie
Thorsten Streubel
Anschauung als Fundament, Gegenstand und Rechtsquelle der Phänomenologie
Alice Mara Serra
Zum Phänomen der Deckerinnerung: Eine Auseinandersetzung zwischen Freud und Husserl
Fausto Fraisopi
Genèse et transcendantalisation du concept d' 'horizon' chez Husserl
Nicola Zippel
Die phänomenologische Reduktion und ihre Bedingungen
Marko J. Fuchs
Grundprobleme endlichen Selbstseins: Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre, Henrich
Robert Hugo Ziegler
Rationalität und Subversion in der Zentralperspektive
Giuliana Mancuso
Der junge Scheler und der Neukantianismus
Rupert Mayer
Heidegger und Platon: Die Dialektik der wahren Aussage im Sophistes
Julia Jonas
Metaphysischer - Physikalischer - Ästhetischer "Raum". Dimensionen einer Äquivokation
Bericht
Husserl at Marquette. A Report on the 38th International Husserl Circle Conference (Shazad Akhtar, Arun Iyer)
Buchbesprechungen
Edmund Husserl: Transzendentaler Idealismus. Texte aus dem Nachlass (1908-1921). Husserliana XXXVI. Dordrecht: Springer 2003. (Ralf Becker)
Thomas Friedrich, Jörg H. Gleiter (Hg.): Einfühlung und phänomenologische Reduktion. Grundlagentexte zu Architektur, Design und Kunst. Münster: Lit 2007. (Franz-Peter Burkard)
Thomas Fuchs: Das Gehirn - ein Beziehungsorgan. Eine phänomenologisch-ökologische Konzeption. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 2007. (Johannes Schick)
Shigeru Taguchi: Das Problem des 'Ur-Ich' bei Edmund Husserl. Die Frage nach der selbstverständlichen 'Nähe' des Selbst. Dordrecht: Springer 2006. (Rainer Schäfer)
Tagungsankündigung
Internationale Tagung der "Deutschen Gesellschaft für Phänomenologische Forschung" in Würzburg, 30.09. bis 03.10.2009. Call for Papers
Neuere Literatur zur Phänomenologie